of endorsements including one from Sarah Palin in the form of a Facebook note Her campaign ad about Republican rival Tom Campbell featuring a "demon sheep"—created by Fiorina advertising consultant Fred Davis III—generated largely negative international publicity After the ad went viral the California Democratic Party created a parody of the ad depicting Fiorina herself as a demon sheep On June Fiorina won the Republican primary election for the Senate with over percent of the vote beating Campbell and State Assemblyman Chuck DeVore A Los Angeles Times search of public records indicated Fiorina had failed to vote in most elections Fiorina responded "I m a lifelong registered Republican but I haven t always voted and I will provide no excuse for it You know people die for the right to vote And there are many many Californians and Americans who exercise that civic duty on a regular basis I didn t Shame on me " The Los Angeles Times noted that Fiorina had conservative positions on certain social issues She personally opposed abortion except in cases of rape incest or endangerment of the mother s life As a private citizen she stated that she voted for Proposition which defined marriage as a union between one man and one woman Following an August federal court ruling that Proposition was unconstitutional Fiorina expressed disagreement with the ruling saying that California voters spoke clearly against same sex unions when a majority approved the proposition in She stated that she opposed litmus tests for Supreme Court nominations and did not favor a federal "personhood" amendment Fiorina had called global warming a "serious issue" but claimed that the science surrounding it is inconclusive saying "I think we should have the courage to examine the science on an ongoing basis " In a campaign ad Fiorina likened Boxer s concerns over global warming to worrying about "the weather " Fiorina accepted contributions from the coal industry as well as Koch Industries Fiorina opposed the cap and trade legislation supported by Boxer and thought efforts to control greenhouse gases would cost million jobs and are "massively destructive" In financial disclosures Fiorina identified her net worth at between US million and US million and by October Fiorina had contributed a total of US million to her own race Sarah Palin was set to appear at a GOP fundraiser two weeks ahead of the November election but neither Meg Whitman nor Fiorina – both big name Republicans – planned to attend The prediction was that Palin s primary endorsement would jeopardize her general election candidacy Boxer won the general election defeating Fiorina to Unlocking Potential Project PAC edit Fiorina launched and developed a political action committee PAC known as "Up Project" short for "Unlocking Potential Project" from to The stated mission of the organization was " to engage women with new messages and new messengers by focusing on personal interactions with voters and going beyond the traditional methods of identifying persuading and turning out voters…" In November The Washington Post reported that "Helping Fiorina chart her political future are consultants Frank Sadler who once worked for Koch Industries and Stephen DeMaura a strategist who heads Americans for Job Security a pro business advocacy group in Virginia" The Up Project website lists Fiorina as chair

American Conservative Union Foundation and CPAC edit On October Al Cardenas chair of the American Conservative Union ACU appointed Fiorina as chair of the American Conservative Union Foundation ACUF the ACU s educational arm The ACU is a conservative c organization while the ACUF is its affiliated c foundation which organizes the annual Conservative Political Action Conference CPAC Fiorina was co chair of CPAC making a speech at the conference At CPAC Fiorina again made a speech at the conference It was speculated that Fiorina would announce her candidacy for the Republican nomination for president in that speech but Fiorina did not instead making her official announcement months later on May in a television and promotional video therein repeating her talking points from CPAC and including an attack on Democratic candidate Hillary Clinton Fiorina resigned as ACU Foundation chair in early U S presidential campaign edit Main article Carly Fiorina presidential campaign Carly Fiorina speaking at the Conservative Political Action Conference CPAC in National Harbor Maryland on February Fiorina ruled out running for the U S Senate in but refused to rule out running for president in or Governor of California in In November The Washington Post reported that Fiorina was "actively exploring" a run for president Her business background and status as the only CEO and the only woman in a "sea of suited men" were mentioned as positives with Republican strategists pointing to her disastrous Senate campaign unpaid campaign debt and dismissal from HP as "considerable challenges" In March Fiorina said on Fox News Sunday that there was a "higher than chance" that she would run for president in On May Fiorina announced her candidacy during an interview on Good Morning America with George Stephanopoulos Fiorina entered the race with immediate criticism of Hillary Clinton It was reported that the GOP sees Fiorina as "the tip of the spear" in its attack of the Clinton campaign because she is uniquely positioned to isolate her criticisms of Clinton from claims of gender bias Shortly after Fiorina announced her entry into the presidential race in a replay of her senatorial race the social media and editorial outlets questioned her tenure as HP s CEO as a basis for her run for president focusing around US job cuts and offshoring that Fiorina directed during her tenure at HP and contrasting it with the high compensation bonuses she received from the company Campaign Manager Sarah Isgur Flores deflected the job cut criticism saying Fiorina "worked hard to save as many jobs as possible " On August Fiorina participated in Fox News s first GOP debate Failing to qualify for one of the Fox News prime time debate slots she was relegated to the debate airing earlier the same day Fiorina s performance led news sources to conclude she had won the early debate Following the debate several pundits correctly predicted that her polling numbers would surge On August Fiorina reported an uptick in fundraising support In an online poll by NBC and SurveyMonkey on August Fiorina came in fourth of the seventeen Republican contenders with of the sampled Republican primary voters saying they would support her in a primary or a caucus a gain in support of six points from previous polling data The National Review pointed out her role as foil to Hillary Clinton saying "Carly Fiorina is no doubt getting attention because of her unique background but more and more people are staying to listen because she has something fresh to say" and that "Fiorina also seems to relish the role of being the most pointed critic of Hillary Clinton… She contrasts her background as a problem solver with Clinton s record as a professional politician " The Nation commented "With so called women s issues poised to play an unprecedented role in the upcoming election Republicans need someone who can troll Hillary Clinton without seeming sexist " While noting she was named "the most powerful woman in business" by Fortune Magazine in Steve Deace of the Conservative Review stated "Fiorina is a cross between Carson and Trump She has some of Carson s inspirational biography and some of Trump s business acumen resume " Meg Whitman the current CEO of Hewlett Packard stated that in her opinion Fiorina was not qualified to be President of the United States stating that a business background is important but that having worked in government is also important and that "it s very difficult for your first role in politics to be President of the United States" As part of her financial disclosures related to her candidacy Fiorina reported a net worth of US million with US million in income in International Business Times estimates Fiorina s net worth between US million and US million Her performances in early debates for the Republican primary nomination particularly her rebukes of front runner Donald Trump in the September debate earned her a significant spike in the polls from to post debate but her polling numbers dropped to by October Political positions edit Abortion edit Fiorina describes herself as "pro life" and has expressed support for legislation to ban abortions weeks after fertilization with an exception for cases of rape incest or danger to the life of the mother Fiorina supports overturning Roe v Wade the Supreme Court ruling that legalized abortion in the United States Fiorina supports eliminating federal funding for Planned Parenthood although federal funding for abortions is mostly banned In August Fiorina called upon Republicans in Congress to shut down the government in order to strip Planned Parenthood of federal funding In a September appearance on Meet the Press Fiorina backed away from this stance saying that "she was open to a government shutdown if it would make President Barack Obama and the Democratic Party defend the butchery of Planned Parenthood " but that "I believe there are a variety of ways to deal with this " The National Right to Life Committee the Susan B Anthony List and the California ProLife Council all endorsed Fiorina s U S Senate campaign in California In a September Republican presidential candidates debate on CNN Fiorina was harshly critical of the Planned Parenthood organization for their involvement in fetal tissue donation Referencing videotapes made public by the anti abortion group Center for Medical Progress CMP she stated "I dare Hillary Clinton Barack Obama to watch these tapes Watch a fully formed fetus on the table its heart beating its legs kicking while someone says We have to keep it alive to harvest its brain " The videos mostly contain secretly taped conversations between Planned Parenthood employees and individuals posing as tissue brokers interested in purchasing fetal tissue for medical research According to PolitiFact however the video footage Fiorina referred to was not obtained from a Planned Parenthood clinic It was stock footage of an unrelated live fetus obtained from the Grantham Collection "an organization that hopes to stem abortion by promoting graphic images of the procedure " It was then added by CMP to dramatize the description by StemExpress procurement technician Holly O Donnell In the edited video O Donnell alleged that while she was working in a pathology lab at a Planned Parenthood clinic her supervisor told her that they would procure a brain from a well preserved fetus O Donnell said "I m sitting here looking at this fetus and its heart is beating and I don t know what to think " According to The Wall Street Journal "there was never any video that depicted as Ms Fiorina stated a live fetus on a table being prepared for organ harvesting " The New York Times reported that "while the authenticity of the videos remains a subject of debate Mrs Fiorina appears to have exaggerated their contents " and PolitiFact said "Fiorina makes it sound as if the footage shows what Planned Parenthood is alleged to have done In fact the stock footage was added to the video to dramatize its content We rate her statement Mostly False " Climate change edit In a February speech Fiorina acknowledged the scientific consensus that climate change is real and caused by human activity but expressed skepticism that government can affect the issue and has "implied that targeting the coal industry will not solve the problem" On April Fiorina spoke about how California has fared in the – North American drought stating that "liberal environmentalists" have brought what she described as a "tragedy" and that California is an example of "liberals being willing to sacrifice other people s lives and livelihoods at the altar of their ideology" Drugs edit Fiorina said in May that "drug addiction shouldn t be criminalized" and cited "decriminalizing drug addiction and drug use" as an example of a successful reform Fiorina opposes legalization of marijuana but says that she believes in states rights and that as president she will not enforce the federal ban on marijuana in Colorado where voters have legalized marijuana as a matter of state law In the second Republican Presidential debate on September Fiorina responded to a question about enforcing Federal laws against marijuana by stating that we should invest more in substance abuse treatment and that she had "buried a child to drug addiction" referring to her stepdaughter Lori who died at age after struggling with alcohol prescription drugs and bulimia Education edit While running for president Fiorina has been a critic of the Common Core State Standards calling them a "heavy handed and standardized" example of "Washington bureaucracy" in May In September Fiorina said "No Child Left Behind Race to the Top Common Core — they re all big bureaucratic programs that are failing our nation This was a reversal of her position on federal education policies during her campaign for U S Senate from California In that campaign Fiorina issued a position paper in which she "strongly advocated for metric based accountability in schools" and "praised No Child Left Behind as setting high standards and Race to the Top for using internationally benchmarked measures " Also in Fiorina supported "a voucher program for the areas or neighborhoods or student populations most in need" In Fiorina wrote that she supported a school choice or voucher program for all students Fiorina said at the Conservative Political Action Conference that President Obama s proposal for free community college was intended "to distract us from the fact that we have too many failing high schools" At a May event Fiorina asserted that the federal government "in the last several years under the Obama administration has nationalized the student loan industry " The Annenberg Public Policy Center s FactCheck org stated that "Fiorina gave a misleading description" since "private and federal student loans are available now just as they were in the past " Foreign and military policy edit Fiorina has criticized the international nuclear agreement with Iran saying that Iran is "at the heart" of evil in the Middle East that the agreement is a "flawed deal" and that "there is a lot of reason to be suspicious" of it Fiorina said that "It would be different if Iran was a good actor and had negotiated in good faith all this time but they haven t" and said "If you want a good deal you ve got to walk away sometimes We never did " Fiorina also suggested that verification provisions in the agreement were insufficient and that approval of the agreement by the international community and the U S s negotiating partners was suspect because Russia and China have an interest in gaining access to Iran s economy and the European Union "has negotiated frankly a number of weak deals " Speaking on Russia U S relations and the Ukraine crisis during her campaign Fiorina said that if president "I wouldn t talk to him Russian president Vladimir Putin at all " Instead she would "arm Ukraine " "conduct regular aggressive military exercises in the Baltic states " "begin rebuilding the Sixth Fleet " "begin rebuilding the missile defense program in Poland " and "probably send a few thousand more troops into Germany" to "send a very clear message to Vladimir Putin " Fiorina has also expressed support for an additional " Army brigades Marine battalions between and naval ships and an upgrade of every leg of the nuclear triad " This proposed military buildup would be an increase of more than US billion excluding a nuclear arsenal overhaul which would cost some additional sum of money over existing planned defense spending of US trillion over the next decade Fiorina opposes the normalization of U S Cuba relations telling Hugh Hewitt that if elected she would close the U S embassy in Havana In a January discussion with an Iowa political blogger Fiorina said of the Chinese "They re not terribly imaginative They re not entrepreneurial They don t innovate That s why they re stealing our intellectual property " At a forum at The Citadel in September Fiorina said that if president she would cancel a scheduled state dinner during a visit by Chinese President Xi Jinping and instead would confront the leader on Chinese hacking "I d have a long conversation in the Oval Office to say Understand there will be consequences We will retaliate We consider this an act of aggression " Fiorina did not give specifics on what type of retaliatory measures she would favor if elected president Fiorina supports keeping the Guantanamo Bay detention camp in Cuba open In September Fiorina "offered a vigorous defense of CIA waterboarding " a tactic used by the United States during the George W Bush era War on Terror Fiorina rejected the conclusions of the Senate Intelligence Committee Study of the CIA s Detention and Interrogation Program publicly released in which "portrayed waterboarding as near drownings that were tantamount to torture and concluded that the agency s often brutal interrogations produced little actionable intelligence " Fiorina called the report "disingenuous" and "a shame" and said that "I believe that all of the evidence is very clear — that waterboarding was used in a very small handful of cases and was supervised by medical personnel in every one of those cases And I also believe that waterboarding was used when there was no other way to get information that was necessary " Health care edit Fiorina criticized the Affordable Care Act ACA health care reform legislation during the debate in that led to the act s passage Fiorina has supported repealing the ACA during both her Senate run in California and her presidential campaign Fiorina has called the law "deeply flawed" and a "vast legislative overreach " In a appearance on Crossfire Fiorina called the law "an abomination" but said that she supported the law s requirement that individuals obtain health insurance and the law s prohibition on health insurance companies denying coverage on the basis of a policyholder s pre existing condition In a spokeswoman said that Fiorina s support for an individual mandate differs from the ACA s mandate because the ACA mandate requires health insurance plans to have a minimum threshold of health care coverage while Fiorina s proposal would mandate that individuals carry only "some type of catastrophic care" coverage "Catastrophic care" plans have higher deductibles and offer fewer services than more comprehensive plans In Fiorina said that she opposed the ACA provision requiring insurance companies to cover children on their parents plan until the age of believing that this mandate is unnecessary and may undermine personal responsibility In Fiorina joined the advisory board of Foundation for Health Coverage Education a group "which assists Americans with identifying health coverage options through simplified eligibility information " The group which Fiorina promoted in her CNN appearance assisted Americans in signing up for health coverage though Healthcare gov Fiorina criticized the U S Supreme Court s decision upholding the ACA in King v Burwell calling it "outrageous " Fiorina has proposed establishing federally subsidized but state run "high risk pools to help those who are truly needy " In and Fiorina called for making the health insurance market more competitive although she has not provided specifics Referring to childhood vaccinations Fiorina has said "When in doubt it is always the parents choice " She has defended the right of school districts to require that children be vaccinated against common communicable diseases but said that districts should not be permitted to require that children receive "some of these more esoteric immunizations" in order to attend public schools Fiorina opposes the ACA s provision mandating coverage of birth control without a copay She supports the Supreme Court s ruling in Burwell v Hobby Lobby Stores Inc and believes that employers should be permitted to deny their employees health insurance coverage for birth control However she has expressed support for making birth control available over the counter In Fiorina said that she was "all for" allowing the importation of prescription drugs to the U S from Canada Immigration edit In California Fiorina supported the DREAM Act which would allow children brought to the U S by their parents when they were under the age of to secure permanent U S residency and a path to citizenship if they graduate from college or serve in the armed forces In a May interview with Katie Couric Fiorina said that she does not support a path for citizenship "for those who came here illegally and who have stayed here illegally " Fiorina drew a distinction between people in that category and those who came legally but overstayed their visas Fiorina has stressed the need to improve border security before undertaking comprehensive immigration reform LGBT issues edit In November during a Wall Street Journal interview Fiorina said that she voted in favor of Proposition a California ballot proposition that banned same sex marriage in that state but noted that "she created a strong program of domestic partner benefits while at HP " During the United States Senate election in California Fiorina was endorsed by GOProud a gay conservative organization In while answering a Christian Coalition questionnaire Fiorina said that she supported a federal constitutional amendment banning same sex marriage During an interview with the conservative Christian website Caffeinated Thoughts at a Dallas County Iowa Republican event in May Fiorina reversed her previous position saying that she now opposed such a measure "I think the Supreme Court ruling will become the law of the land and however much I may agree or disagree with it I wouldn t support an amendment to reverse it " She further stated that "government shouldn t discriminate on how it provides benefits and people have a right to their religious views and those views need to be protected " In August Fiorina indicated on a Christian Coalition questionnaire that she opposed enforcing the law banning homosexuals in the military In Fiorina stated that she supported the Defense of Marriage Act but also supported civil unions In Fiorina reaffirmed her support for civil unions and stated that those in such unions should receive the same government benefits accorded to married persons On September in a Faith Action survey she opposed the Employment Non Discrimination Act On March on ABC News Fiorina said "I think we have to be careful because John Boehner s views which are different from Rob Portman s views are equally sincere And I think when we get into trouble on this debate when we assume that people who support gay marriage are open and compassionate and people who don t are not It s why I believe the right way to solve these very personal issues is to let people vote on them don t have judges decide it don t even have representative government decide it let people vote on it in the states I think people of both points of view accept the democratic process What they don t always accept is a bunch of self important self appointed judges saying this is culturally the new norm " In April Fiorina defended Indiana s Religious Freedom Restoration Act She stated that the Indiana bill is about the "opportunity to practice their religions freely" and "It has not and has never been a license to discriminate " On April in an interview with USA Today she described it as "shameful" how in her view liberals have fanned the furor over the Indiana law "I honestly believe this is a set of liberal political activists who practice a game of identity politics and divisive politics to whip people into a frenzy and I think it s very destructive to the fabric of this country " she said She blasted business leaders in Silicon Valley and elsewhere who have criticized the Indiana law as discriminatory questioning why there isn t similar outrage " in the Twitterverse about the subjugation of the rights of women and gays in many countries in which these companies do business Where is the outrage about that Where is the outrage about how gays are treated in Iran for example Where is the outrage about how women are treated in Algeria " This article contains evolving lists of candidates associated with the Republican Party presidential primaries for the United States presidential election Contents Candidates Candidates featured in major polls Other candidates Withdrew before the primaries Other withdrawn candidates Previous Declined See also References External links Candidates edit Individuals included in this section either have their own Wikipedia page and have formally announced their candidacy or have filed as a candidate with Federal Election Commission FEC for other than exploratory purposes They are listed alphabetically by surname Candidates featured in major polls edit The following candidates have been listed in five or more major independent nationwide polls participated in at least one authorized debate and are presently on the ballot in the South Carolina primary Name Born Current previous positions State Announced Candidate Logo and campaign link Ballot access Ref Jeb Bush February age ? Midland Texas Governor of Florida – Florida Secretary of Commerce – Florida June Campaign • Positions • Website FEC filing South Carolina Alabama Arkansas New Hampshire Ben Carson September age ? Detroit Michigan Director of Pediatric Neurosurgery Johns Hopkins Hospital – Maryland May Campaign • Positions • Website FEC filing South Carolina Alabama Arkansas New Hampshire Chris Christie September age ? Newark New Jersey Governor of New Jersey –present United States Attorney for the District of New Jersey – Morris County Freeholder – New Jersey June Campaign • Positions • Website FEC filing South Carolina Alabama Arkansas New Hampshire Ted Cruz December age ? Calgary Alberta Canada United States Senator from Texas –present Solicitor General of Texas – Texas March Campaign • Positions • Website FEC filing South Carolina Alabama Arkansas New Hampshire Carly Fiorina September age ? Austin Texas CEO of Hewlett Packard – Nominee for United States Senate in California Virginia May Campaign • Positions • Website FEC filing South Carolina Alabama Arkansas New Hampshire Jim Gilmore October age ? Richmond Virginia Governor of Virginia – Presidential candidate in Nominee for United States Senate in Virginia Attorney General of Virginia – Virginia July Campaign • Positions • Website FEC filing South Carolina New Hampshire Lindsey Graham July age ? Central South Carolina United States Senator from South Carolina –present United States Representative from South Carolina – South Carolina State Representative – South Carolina June Campaign • Positions • Website FEC filing South Carolina Alabama Arkansas New Hampshire Mike Huckabee August age ? Hope Arkansas Governor of Arkansas – Presidential candidate in Lieutenant Governor of Arkansas – Arkansas May Campaign • Positions • Website FEC filing South Carolina Alabama Arkansas New Hampshire Bobby Jindal June age ? Baton Rouge Louisiana Governor of Louisiana –present United States Representative from Louisiana – Asst Secretary Department of Health and Human Services – President of the University of Louisiana System – Secretary Louisiana Department of Health and Hospitals – Louisiana June Campaign • Positions • Website FEC filing South Carolina


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danielle danielle-foxxx danielle-rodgers danny-ricci danyel-cheeks daphne daphne-rosen darby-lloyd-rains darla-crane darla-delovely davia-ardell dayton-rain debbie-northrup debbie-revenge debbie-van-gils debi-diamond debi-jointed debra-lynn deidra-hopkins deidre-holland delania-raffino delia-moore delphine-thail delta-force delta-white demi-moor denice-klarskov denise-derringer denise-dior denise-sloan desiree-cousteau desiree-foxx desiree-lane desiree-west deva-station devin-devasquez devinn-lane devon-shire dia diana-holt diana-kisabonyi diana-siefert diana-stevenson diane-dubois diane-richards diane-sloan diane-suresne dido-angel dillan-lauren dina-deville dina-jewel dina-pearl ditty-blue diva divinity-love djiana dolly-darkley dominique dominique-dewitt dominique-saint-claire donna-hart donna-marie dorle-buchner dorothy-lemay dorothy-onan drea drimla dru-berrymore dusty-rose dyanna-lauren ebony-ayes edina-blond edita-ungerova edwige-faillel eileen-wells elaine-southern 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maryanne-fisher mary-hubay mary-ramunno mary-stuart mascha-mouton maud-kennedy mauvais-denoir maxine-tyler maya-black maya-france megan-leigh megan-martinez megan-reece mei-ling melanie-hotlips melanie-scott melba-cruz melinda-russell melissa-bonsardo melissa-del-prado melissa-golden melissa-martinez melissa-melendez melissa-monet mercedes-dragon mercedes-lynn merle-michaels mesha-lynn mia-beck mia-lina mia-smiles michele-raven michelle-aston michelle-ferrari michelle-greco michelle-maren michelle-maylene michelle-monroe micki-lynn mika-barthel mika-tan mikki-taylor mimi-morgan mindy-rae ming-toy miranda-stevens miss-bunny miss-meadow miss-pomodoro missy missy-graham missy-stone missy-vega misti-jane mistress-candice misty-anderson misty-dawn misty-rain misty-regan mona-lisa mona-page moni monica-baal monica-swinn monika-peta monika-sandmayr monika-unco monique-bruno monique-cardin monique-charell monique-demoan monique-gabrielle monique-la-belle morgan-fairlane morrigan-hel moxxie-maddron mulani-rivera mysti-may nadege-arnaud nadia-styles nadine-bronx nadine-proutnal nadine-roussial nadi-phuket nanci-suiter nancy-hoffman nancy-vee natacha-delyro natalia-wood natalli-diangelo natascha-throat natasha-skyler naudia-nyce nessa-devil nessy-grant nesty nicki-hunter nicky-reed nicole-berg nicole-bernard nicole-black nicole-grey nicole-london nicole-parks nicole-scott nicole-taylor nicolette-fauludi nicole-west nika-blond nika-mamic niki-cole nikita-love nikita-rush nikki-charm nikki-grand nikki-king nikki-knight nikki-randall nikki-rhodes nikki-santana nikki-steele nikki-wilde niko nina-cherry nina-deponca nina-hartley nina-preta oana-efria obaya-roberts olesja-derevko olga-cabaeva olga-conti olga-pechova olga-petrova olivia-alize olivia-del-rio olivia-flores olivia-la-roche olivia-outre ophelia-tozzi orchidea-keresztes orsolya-blonde paige-turner paisley-hunter pamela-bocchi pamela-jennings pamela-mann pamela-stanford pamela-stealt pandora paola-albini pascale-vital pat-manning pat-rhea patricia-dale patricia-diamond patricia-kennedy patricia-rhomberg patrizia-predan patti-cakes patti-petite paula-brasile paula-harlow paula-morton paula-price paula-winters pauline-teutscher penelope-pumpkins penelope-valentin petra-hermanova petra-lamas peyton-lafferty phaedra-grant pia-snow piper-fawn pipi-anderson porsche-lynn porsha-carrera precious-silver priscillia-lenn purple-passion queeny-love rachel-ashley rachel-love rachel-luv rachel-roxxx rachel-ryan rachel-ryder racquel-darrian rane-revere raven reagan-maddux rebecca-bardoux regan-anthony regine-bardot regula-mertens reina-leone reka-gabor renae-cruz renee-foxx renee-lovins renee-morgan renee-perez renee-summers renee-tiffany rhonda-jo-petty rikki-blake riley-ray rio-mariah rita-ricardo roberta-gemma roberta-pedon robin-byrd robin-cannes robin-everett robin-sane rochell-starr rosa-lee-kimball rosemarie roxanne-blaze roxanne-hall roxanne-rollan ruby-richards sabina-k sabre sabrina-chimaera sabrina-dawn sabrina-jade sabrina-johnson sabrina-love-cox sabrina-mastrolorenzi sabrina-rose sabrina-scott sabrina-summers sacha-davril sahara sahara-sands sai-tai-tiger samantha-fox samantha-ryan samantha-sterlyng samantha-strong samueline-de-la-rosa sandra-cardinale sandra-de-marco sandra-kalermen sandra-russo sandy-lee sandy-pinney sandy-reed sandy-samuel sandy-style sandy-summers sara-brandy-canyon sara-faye sarah-bernard sarah-cabrera sarah-hevyn sarah-mills sarah-shine sara-sloane sasha sasha-hollander sasha-ligaya sasha-rose satine-phoenix satin-summer savannah-stern savanna-jane scarlet-scarleau scarlet-windsor seka selena serena serena-south severine-amoux shana-evans shanna-mccullough shannon-kelly shannon-rush shantell-day sharon-da-vale sharon-kane sharon-mitchell shaun-michelle shawna-sexton shawnee-cates shay-hendrix shayne-ryder sheena-horne sheer-delight shelby-star shelby-stevens shelly-berlin shelly-lyons sheri-st-clair sheyla-cats shonna-lynn shyla-foxxx shy-love sierra-sinn sierra-skye sigrun-theil silver-starr silvia-bella silvia-saint silvie-de-lux silvy-taylor simone-west sindee-coxx sindy-lange sindy-shy siobhan-hunter skylar-knight skylar-price skyler-dupree smokie-flame smoking-mary-jane solange-shannon sonya-summers sophia-santi sophie-call sophie-duflot sophie-evans sophie-guers stacey-donovan stacy-lords stacy-moran stacy-nichols stacy-silver stacy-thorn starla-fox starr-wood stefania-bruni stella-virgin stephanie-duvalle stephanie-rage stephanie-renee stevie-taylor summer-knight summer-rose sunny-day sunset-thomas sunshine-seiber susan-hart susanne-brend susan-nero susi-hotkiss suzanne-mcbain suzan-nielsen suzie-bartlett suzie-carina suzi-sparks sweet-nice sweety-pie sybille-rossani sylvia-benedict sylvia-bourdon sylvia-brand sylvia-engelmann syreeta-taylor syren-de-mer syvette szabina-black szilvia-lauren tai-ellis taija-rae taisa-banx talia-james tamara-lee tamara-longley tamara-n-joy tamara-west tami-white tammy tammy-lee tammy-reynolds tania-lorenzo tantala-ray tanya-danielle tanya-fox tanya-foxx tanya-lawson tanya-valis tara-aire tasha-voux tatjana-belousova tatjana-skomorokhova tawnee-lee tawny-pearl tayla-rox taylor-wane teddi-austin teddi-barrett tera-bond tera-heart tera-joy teresa-may teresa-orlowski teri-diver teri-weigel terri-dolan terri-hall tess-ferre tess-newheart thais-vieira tia-cherry tianna tiara tiffany-blake tiffany-clark tiffany-duponte tiffany-rayne tiffany-rousso tiffany-storm tiffany-towers tiffany-tyler tiger-lily tigr timea-vagvoelgyi tina-blair tina-burner tina-evil tina-gabriel tina-loren tina-marie tina-russell tish-ambrose tommi-rose tonisha-mills topsy-curvey tori-secrets tori-sinclair tori-welles tracey-adams traci-lords traci-topps traci-winn tracy-duzit tracy-love tracy-williams tricia-devereaux tricia-yen trinity-loren trisha-rey trista-post trixie-tyler ultramax ursula-gaussmann ursula-moore uschi-karnat valentina valerie-leveau valery-hilton vanessa-chase vanessa-del-rio vanessa-michaels vanessa-ozdanic vanilla-deville velvet-summers veri-knotty veronica-dol veronica-hart veronica-hill veronica-rayne veronica-sage veronika-vanoza via-paxton vicky-lindsay vicky-vicci victoria-evans victoria-gold victoria-knight victoria-luna victoria-paris victoria-slick victoria-zdrok viper virginie-caprice vivian-valentine vivien-martines wendi-white wendy-divine whitney-banks whitney-fears whitney-wonders wonder-tracey wow-nikki xanthia-berstein yasmine-fitzgerald yelena-shieffer yvonne-green zara-whites zsanett-egerhazi zuzie-boobies

Alabama Arkansas New Hampshire John Kasich May age ? McKees Rocks Pennsylvania Governor of Ohio –present Presidential candidate in United States Representative from Ohio – Ohio State Senator – Ohio July Campaign • Positions • Website FEC filing South Carolina Alabama Arkansas New Hampshire George Pataki June age ? Peekskill New York Governor of New York – New York State Senator – New York State Assemblyperson – Mayor of Peekskill – New York May Campaign • Positions • Website FEC filing South Carolina New Hampshire Rand Paul January age ? Pittsburgh Pennsylvania United States Senator from Kentucky –present Kentucky April Campaign • Positions • Website FEC filing South Carolina Alabama Arkansas New Hampshire Marco Rubio May age ? Miami Florida United States Senator from Florida –present Speaker of the Florida House of Representatives – Florida State Representative – Florida April Campaign • Positions • Website FEC filing South Carolina Alabama Arkansas New Hampshire Rick Santorum May age ? Winchester Virginia United States Senator from Pennsylvania – Presidential candidate in United States Representative from Pennsylvania – Pennsylvania May Campaign • Positions • Website FEC filing South Carolina Alabama Arkansas New Hampshire Donald Trump June age ? Queens New York CEO of The Trump Organization –present New York June Campaign • Positions • Website FEC filing South Carolina Alabama Arkansas New Hampshire Other candidates edit Over five hundred people have have taken one or both of the following actions formally announced their candidacy filed as a candidate with FEC As of November update most of them as pranks or publicity stunts Among the fictional joke ones are Cap n Crunch Jean Luc Picard and Deez Nuts the last of whom was featured in at least one major poll The following notable individuals have also filed as a candidate with FEC As of November update none have been featured in a major poll Name Born Current previous positions State Announced Candidacy ballot access total primary vote Ref Jack Fellure October age ? Midkiff West Virginia Perennial candidate Prohibition Party nominee in West Virginia November FEC Filing Andy Martin exact date unknown age or Middletown Connecticut Perennial candidate Birther activist New York August Website FEC Filing Jimmy McMillan December age ? New Smyrna Beach Florida Perennial candidate Rent Is Too Damn High Party activist New York August Website FEC Filing Among the many non notables on the ballot in New Hampshire are Stephen Comley Sr of Massachusetts Withdrew before the primaries edit The following individuals announced a major candidacy for president were featured in major opinion polls and each participated in at least one major debate but have since withdrawn from the race They are listed in order of exit Name Born Current previous positions State Announced Withdrew Candidacy Ref Rick Perry March age ? Haskell Texas Governor of Texas – Presidential candidate in Lieutenant Governor of Texas – Texas June September Campaign • Positions FEC Filing Scott Walker November age ? Colorado Springs Colorado Governor of Wisconsin –present Milwaukee County Executive – Wisconsin State Assemblyperson – Wisconsin July September Campaign • Positions • Website FEC Filing Other withdrawn candidates edit Name Born Current previous positions State Announced Withdrew Candidacy Ref Mark Everson September age ? New York City New York Commissioner of Internal Revenue Mississippi March November Website FEC Filing Josue Larose political organizer and activist Florida December January Dennis Michael Lynch August age businessman documentary film maker and conservative commentator New York April May FEC filing Previous edit The following people have been the focus of presidential speculation in multiple media reports during the election cycle but such speculation has ostensibly ceased for a period of three months or longer Kelly Ayotte U S Senator from New Hampshire since Attorney General of New Hampshire – Michele Bachmann U S Representative from Minnesota – presidential candidate in Jan Brewer Governor of Arizona – Secretary of State of Arizona – Scott Brown U S Senator from Massachusetts – Massachusetts State Senator – Sam Brownback Governor of Kansas since U S Senator from Kansas – presidential candidate in Herman Cain President of the National Restaurant Association – chairman and CEO of Godfather s Pizza – presidential candidate in Ken Cuccinelli Attorney General of Virginia – nominee for Governor of Virginia in Jim DeMint U S Senator from South Carolina – U S Representative from South Carolina – Mary Fallin Governor of Oklahoma since U S Representative from Oklahoma – Lieutenant Governor of Oklahoma – Nikki Haley Governor of South Carolina since Steve King U S Representative from Iowa since Susana Martinez Governor of New Mexico since Bob McDonnell Governor of Virginia – Attorney General of Virginia – Cathy McMorris Rodgers U S Representative from Washington since Ted Nugent musician and gun rights activist from Michigan Sarah Palin Governor of Alaska – vice presidential nominee Mike Rogers U S Representative from Michigan – Brian Sandoval Governor of Nevada since Judge of the District Court for the District of Nevada – Rick Scott Governor of Florida since former CEO and co founder of Columbia Hospital Corporation Allen West U S Representative from Florida – Declined edit Individuals listed in this section have been the focus of media speculation as being possible presidential candidates but have publicly and unequivocally ruled out a presidential bid in Marsha Blackburn U S Representative from Tennessee since John Bolton U S Ambassador to the United Nations – Under Secretary of State for Arms Control and International Security Affairs – Bob Corker U S Senator from Tennessee since Mayor of Chattanooga Tennessee – Mitch Daniels President of Purdue University since Governor of Indiana – Director of the Office of Management and Budget Bob Ehrlich Governor of Maryland – U S Representative from Maryland – Newt Gingrich Speaker of the House of Representatives – House Minority Whip – presidential candidate in Jon Huntsman Jr United States Ambassador to China – Governor of Utah – presidential candidate in Darrell Issa U S Representative from California since Gary Johnson Governor of New Mexico – Republican presidential candidate and nominee for the Libertarian Party in Running as Libertarian Peter King U S Representative from New York since John McCain U S Senator from Arizona since presidential candidate in presidential nominee in Tim Pawlenty Governor of Minnesota – presidential candidate in Mike Pence Governor of Indiana since U S Representative from Indiana – Rob Portman U S Senator from Ohio since Director of the Office of Management and Budget – Condoleezza Rice United States Secretary of State – National Security Advisor – Mitt Romney Governor of Massachusetts – presidential candidate in presidential nominee in Paul Ryan U S Representative from Wisconsin since vice presidential nominee in Joe Scarborough cable news and talk radio host U S Representative from Florida – Rick Snyder Governor of Michigan since former CEO and co founder of Ardesta LLC John Thune U S Senator from South Dakota since U S Representative from South Dakota – See also edit United States presidential election timeline Candidates Democratic Party presidential candidates The Democratic Party presidential debates will occur among candidates in the campaign for the Democratic Party s nomination for the President of the United States in the presidential election The Democratic National Committee DNC announced on May that there would be debates in comparison to the debates and forums that were part of the presidential campaign On August the DNC announced the locations for all six debates with exact venues still to be determined and the specific dates for the first four debates Two forums in which candidates do not respond directly to each other were later also announced with the support of the DNC Contents Schedule Summaries October – Las Vegas Nevada November – Rock Hill South Carolina November – Des Moines Iowa Mid November – MoveOn org December – Manchester New Hampshire January – Charleston South Carolina February – Milwaukee Wisconsin March – Miami Florida Criticism and controversy Number of debates Black Lives Matter debate Candidates invited to debate See also References External links Schedule edit Note The schedule of debates is subject to change Debates among candidates for the Democratic Party U S presidential nomination No Date Time Place Host Invitees P Participant ? I Invitee to a future debate ? N Non invitee ? A Absent invitee O Out of race exploring or withdrawn Chafee Clinton Lessig O Malley Sanders Webb Oct p m PDT Wynn Las Vegas Las Vegas NV CNN Facebook P P N P P P F Nov p m EST Winthrop University Rock Hill SC MSNBC O P O P P O Nov p m CST Drake University Des Moines IA CBS News KCCI The Des Moines Register O I O I I O F Nov virtual MoveOn org MoveOn org O I O I I O Dec Manchester NH ABC News WMUR TV O O O Jan Charleston SC NBC News Congressional Black Caucus Institute O O O Feb Milwaukee WI PBS O O O Mar Miami Dade College Miami FL Univision The Washington Post O O O event completed ^ Invited to at least one debate listed above Former Gov Lincoln Chafee of Rhode Island • Former Secretary of State Hillary Clinton of New York • Prof Lawrence Lessig of Massachusetts • Former Gov Martin O Malley of Maryland • Sen Bernie Sanders of Vermont • Former Sen Jim Webb of Virginia CNN Las VegasCBS News Des MoinesABC News ManchesterNBC News CharlestonPBS MilwaukeeUnivision Miami Sites of the Democratic primary debatesSummaries edit October – Las Vegas Nevada edit Candidate Airtime Clinton Sanders edit Senator Estes Kefauver of Tennessee defeated President Harry S Truman in the New Hampshire primary becoming the first person to ever drive an incumbent from the race during the th Century Kefauver swept the primaries but there weren t enough to be able to win the nomination edit Main article Democratic Party presidential primaries Adlai Stevenson who had won the nomination on third ballot defeated Estes Kefauver in the early primaries thus becoming the last losing Democratic Presidential nominee to win a second nomination He would lose again edit Main article Democratic Party presidential primaries Senator John F Kennedy of Massachusetts defeated Senator Hubert H Humphrey of Minnesota in the two contested primaries edit Main article Democratic Party presidential primaries Governor George Wallace of Alabama made a feeble challenge to President Lyndon Johnson and his surrogates who were running because he pretended not to be running edit Main article Democratic Party presidential primaries In the last successful challenge to an incumbent President Senator Eugene J McCarthy of Minnesota came extremely close to defeating President Johnson in New Hampshire and with polls showing him winning Wisconsin and the entry of Senator Robert Kennedy of New York the President withdrew from the race Thus followed an exciting race between Kennedy and McCarthy but Vice President Humphrey swept the caucuses and two favorite sons who already endorsed him had won primaries in Ohio and Florida giving him a substantial lead by the time Senator Kennedy was murdered by a Palestinian terrorist on the last day of the primaries edit Main article Democratic Party presidential primaries The primaries set the record for the highest amount of candidates in a major party s presidential primaries in American history with After the Chappaquiddick incident in Ted Kennedy fell from front runner to non candidate Ed Muskie was the establishment favorite until he was reported to have cried emotionally during a speech defending himself against the Canuck letter George McGovern was able to gain ground and make a strong showing in New Hampshire George Wallace ran as an outsider and did well in the South His campaign was ended when an assassin shot him and left him paralyzed McGovern went on to win a majority of the delegates and the nomination at the convention However his prior efforts to reform the nomination process had reduced the power of Democratic Party leaders McGovern had difficulty getting a vice presidential running mate to run with him It then took hours to get him approved A couple weeks later it was revealed that Thomas F Eagleton had undergone electroshock therapy for depression After claiming to back Eagleton " " McGovern asked him to resign three days later After a week of being publicly rebuffed by prominent Democrats McGovern finally managed to get Sargent Shriver to be his new running mate This trouble compounded the already weak support he had among party leaders See also United States presidential election § Democratic Party nomination edit Main article Democratic Party presidential primaries The primaries matched the record previously set in for the highest amount of candidates in any presidential primaries in American history with During the primaries Jimmy Carter capitalized on his status as an outsider The campaign was the first in which primaries and caucuses carried more weight than the old boss dominated system Carter exploited this competing in every contest and won so many delegates that he held an overwhelming majority of the delegates at the convention See also United States presidential election § Democratic Party nomination edit Main article Democratic Party presidential primaries The incumbent President Jimmy Carter faced high unemployment high inflation and gas shortages in California Against this backdrop Ted Kennedy decided to run after sitting out and Kennedy stumbled badly in an interview then the Iran hostage crisis in November dealt a near fatal blow as Carter s calm approach caused his poll numbers to rise Carter won decisively everywhere except Massachusetts until the public began to grow weary of the hostage situation Kennedy then began to win and even swept the last states It was too little too late Carter had a slight advantage and enough delegates to win the nomination See also United States presidential election § Democratic Party edit Main article Democratic Party presidential primaries Walter Mondale entered the race as the favorite He had raised the most money had the backing of the most party leaders and had a very good organization in the Midwest and Northeast Even so both Jesse Jackson and Gary Hart managed to mount effective national campaigns against him Jackson won several states in the South but was unable to recover after calling Jews "Hymies" and New York City "Hymietown" Hart waged a strong campaign in New Hampshire Ohio California and the West looking as if he could win Hart s downfall came when in a televised debate Mondale said he was reminded of the Wendy s slogan "Where s the beef " whenever he heard Hart talk about his "New Ideas" program The audience laughed and applauded Hart was never able to shake the impression created that his policy lacked weight Mondale gradually pulled ahead winning a comfortable majority by convention time See also United States presidential election § Democratic Party nomination edit Main article Democratic Party presidential primaries Democrats entered the race hoping to build on mid term wins that gave them control of the Senate and the ongoing Iran Contra scandal Gary Hart s strong showing in gave him the advantage but extramarital affairs damaged his campaign It was over after reporters caught him with Donna Rice Ted Kennedy decided not to run back in Joseph Biden was caught up in a plagiarism scandal when Governor Dukakis took video of a Democratic debate and made a campaign hit piece showing that Biden quoted Neil Kinnock then leader of the British Labour Party without attribution A picture being worth a thousand words the video outweighed multiple press accounts about Biden s pre and post debate use of the British quote while including attribution Biden was effectively tarred as a plagiarist by Dukakis and was forced out of the race The Delaware Supreme Court s Board on Professional Responsibility would later clear Biden of law school plagiarism charges brought up in relation to the Dukakis political hit piece Except for Biden and Hart all seven major candidates won at least one primary and for a while the hope of a multiballot convention remained alive Michael Dukakis ended up with two thirds of the delegates winning the nomination See also United States presidential election § Democratic Party nomination The Democratic Party presidential primaries will take place in the states the District of Columbia and U S territories as well as among U S citizens living all over the world prior to the general election to determine the Democratic Party s nominee for the Presidency of the United States Incumbent president and nominee Barack Obama is ineligible for reelection due to term limits under the Twenty second Amendment Contents Background Candidates Candidates featured in major polls Campaign gallery Other candidates Withdrew before the primaries Timeline Process Schedule of primaries and caucuses See also References Notes External links Background edit In the weeks following the re election of incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama in the election media speculation regarding potential candidates for the Democratic presidential nomination in the presidential election began to circulate The speculation centered on the prospects of Hillary Clinton then Secretary of State making a second presidential bid in the election Clinton had previously served as a U S Senator – and was the First Lady of the U S – A January Washington Post–ABC News poll indicated that she had high popularity among the American public This polling data prompted numerous political pundits and observers to anticipate that Clinton would mount a second presidential bid in entering the race as the early front runner for the Democratic nomination Within the party s liberal left wing were calls for a more progressive candidate to challenge what was perceived by many within this segment as the party s "establishment" U S Senator Elizabeth Warren quickly became a highly touted figure within this movement as well as the object of an ongoing draft movement to run in the primaries despite her repeated denials of interest in doing so The MoveOn org campaign Run Warren Run announced that it would disband on June and instead focus its efforts toward progressive issues The draft campaign s New Hampshire staffer Kurt Ehrenberg has joined Bernie Sanders team and most of the remaining staffers are expected to do the same Given the historical tendency for sitting Vice Presidents to seek the presidency in election cycles in which the incumbent President is not a candidate there was also considerable speculation regarding a potential presidential run by incumbent Vice President Joe Biden who had previously campaigned for the Democratic presidential nomination in the election cycles of and This speculation was further fueled by Biden s own expressions of interest in a possible run in Independent U S Senator Bernie Sanders is running as a presidential candidate for the Democratic nomination He officially announced his run for candidacy on April Bernie Sanders is seen as the biggest rival to Hillary Clinton backed up by a strong grassroots campaign In November Jim Webb a former U S Senator who had once served as the U S Secretary of the Navy during the Reagan administration announced the formation of an exploratory committee in preparation for a possible run for the Democratic presidential nomination This made Webb the first major potential candidate to take a formal action toward seeking the party s nomination Martin O Malley former Governor of Maryland as well as a former Mayor of Baltimore made formal steps toward a campaign for the party s nomination in January with the hiring and retaining of personnel who had served the previous year as political operatives in Iowa – the first presidential nominating state in the primary elections cycle – as staff for his political action committee PAC O Malley had started the "O Say Can You See" PAC in which had prior to functioned primarily as fundraising vehicles for various Democratic candidates around as well for two ballot measures in Maryland With the staffing moves the PAC ostensibly became a vehicle for O Malley – who had for several months openly contemplated a presidential bid – to lay the groundwork for a potential campaign for the party s presidential nomination In August Lawrence Lessig unexpectedly announced his intention to enter the race promising to run if his exploratory committee raised million by Labor Day After accomplishing this Lessig announced his formal entrance into race Lessig has described his candidacy as a referendum on campaign finance reform and electoral reform legislation His campaign is unique for clearly prioritizing a single issue restoring democracy via The Citizen Equality Act a proposal that couples campaign finance reform with other laws aimed at curbing gerrymandering and ensuring voting access As of September the early voting states of Iowa and New Hampshire have been seen as contested between Hillary Clinton and Bernie Sanders although Clinton holds a solid lead in other early states and is considered to have a "Super Tuesday firewall " Candidates edit Individuals included in this section have taken one or more of the following actions formally announced their candidacy filed as a candidate with Federal Election Commission FEC for other than exploratory purposes They are listed alphabetically by surname Candidates featured in major polls edit Candidates below have been listed in five or more major independent nationwide polls and been invited to or participated in at least one debate or forum Hillary Clinton Martin O Malley Bernie Sanders th Secretary of State – st Governor of Maryland – U S Senator from Vermont –present Campaign Campaign Campaign Campaign gallery edit Logos of major presidential campaigns Former U S Secretary of State Hillary ClintonFormer Governor Martin O MalleySenator Bernie SandersOther candidates edit The following notable individuals have taken one or both of the following actions formally announced their candidacy filed as a candidate with FEC As of November none have been featured in a national poll These have qualified for ballot access in at least one state Keith Russell Judd who received votes in the West Virginia primary Sam Sloan a professional chess master John Wolfe Jr who received over votes in the primary These have not Jeff Boss Truther and perennial candidate from New Jersey Harry Braun researcher and presidential candidate from Arizona David Mills author and activist Robby Wells former head football coach at Savannah State University candidate for the presidential nomination of the Constitution Party Willie Wilson businessman and Chicago mayoral candidate from Illinois The formally non notable "Rocky" De La Fuenta is on the ballot in Alabama and Arkansas In addition two non notable individuals have qualified for ballot status in other states and dozens will pay a thousand dollars to be on the ballot in New Hampshire Withdrew before the primaries edit Lincoln Chafee former Governor of Rhode Island – and U S Senator from Rhode Island – suspended campaign on October Jim Webb former U S Senator from Virginia – suspended campaign on October Lawrence Lessig Harvard Law Professor suspended campaign on November Former Governor Lincoln Chafee of Rhode IslandFormer U S Senator Jim Webb of VirginiaHarvard Law Professor Lawrence Lessig of MassachusettsTimeline edit Active campaigns Ended campaigns Iowa Caucuses Democratic National Convention Election Day Inauguration Day Process edit See also United States presidential primary § Process The Democratic Party presidential primaries and caucuses are indirect elections in which voters cast ballots for a slate of delegates to the Democratic National Convention these delegates in turn directly elect the Democratic Party s presidential nominee However depending on each state s law and each state s party rules when voters cast ballots for a candidate they may be voting to actually award delegates bound to vote for a particular candidate at the state or national convention binding primary or caucus or they may simply be expressing an opinion that the state party is not bound to follow in selecting delegates to the national convention non binding primary or caucus There are pledged delegates in the cycle Under the party s delegate selection rules the number of pledged delegates allocated to each of the U S states and Washington D C is determined using a formula based on two main factors The proportion of votes each state gave to the Democratic candidate in the last three presidential elections and The number of electoral votes each state has in the United States Electoral College For the U S territories of Puerto Rico American Samoa Guam and the U S Virgin Islands and Democrats Abroad fixed numbers of pledged delegates are allocated Each state and U S territory will also be awarded bonus pledged delegates based on whether they schedule their primary or caucus later in the primary season All states and territories then must use a proportional representation system where their pledged delegates are awarded proportionally to the election results The current unpledged superdelegates will include members of the United States House of Representatives and Senate state and territorial governors members of the Democratic National Committee and other party leaders Because of possible deaths resignations or the results of intervening or special elections the final number of these superdelegates may be reduced before the convention The Democratic National Committee has also imposed rules for states wishing to hold early contests in No state will be permitted to hold a primary or caucus in January and only Iowa New Hampshire South Carolina and Nevada are entitled to February contests Any state that violates these rules will be penalized half of its pledged delegates and all of its unpledged delegates to the convention Schedule of primaries and caucuses edit The tentative schedule for is as follows Date State territory Calculated delegates Type a Clinton Sanders O Malley Uncommitted Other Pledged Unpledged b February Iowa Semi open caucus February New Hampshire Semi closed primary February Nevada Closed caucus February South Carolina Open primary March Alabama Open primary March Arkansas Open primary March Colorado Closed caucus March – Democrats abroad Closed primary March Georgia Open primary March Massachusetts Semi closed primary March Minnesota Open caucus March Oklahoma Semi closed primary March Tennessee Open primary March Texas Open primary March Vermont Open primary March Virginia Open primary March Louisiana Closed primary March Nebraska Closed caucus March Kansas Closed caucus March Maine Closed caucus March Mississippi Open primary March Michigan Open primary March Florida Closed primary March Illinois Semi closed primary March Missouri Open primary March North Carolina Semi closed primary March Ohio Semi open primary March Arizona Closed primary March Idaho Semi closed caucus March Utah Semi open caucus March Alaska Closed caucus March Hawaii Semi closed caucus March Washington Open caucus April Wisconsin Open primary April Wyoming Closed caucus April New York Closed primary April Maryland Closed primary The Republican Party presidential primaries will take place within the United States Republican Party GOP prior to the general election In anticipation of the primaries the Republican National Committee RNC began polling email subscribers in January as to their choice for the nomination among potential nominees telling its supporters "The battle for the White House has already begun " Contents Background Candidates Candidates featured in major polls Gallery of logos of major presidential campaigns Other candidates Withdrew before the primaries Timeline – Fluctuating frontrunners – Jeb Bush as an unsteady frontrunner Donald Trump s surge and the rise of the outsiders Process Schedule of primaries and caucuses See also References External links Notes Background edit presidential nominee Mitt Romney lost the election to incumbent President Barack Obama Fearing a long drawn out primary season could hurt the nominee like it may have hurt Romney the RNC has drafted plans to condense the season with plans for the Republican National Convention to be held in July of the election year the earliest since Republicans nominated Thomas Dewey in June By comparison the Republican National Convention was held August – In April Robert Costa and Philip Rucker of The Washington Post reported that the period of networking and relationship building that they dubbed the "credentials caucus" had begun with prospective candidates "quietly study ing up on issues and cultivat ing ties to pundits and luminaries from previous administrations " In the lead up to the GOP s primaries the contest has widely been viewed as one of the most open presidential primary contests in American history both with no clear frontrunner for the nomination as well as a field potentially as high as or more candidates With Wisconsin Governor Scott Walker s campaign announcement on July the field matched the previous record of candidates set by the primaries With Ohio Governor John Kasich s announcement on July the field reached candidates and thus officially became the largest presidential field in the history of the Republican Party surpassing Lastly with former Virginia Governor Jim Gilmore s announcement on July the field reached candidates and thus became the largest presidential field in American history surpassing the candidates in the Democratic Party presidential primaries of both and Former Florida Governor Jeb Bush who was widely seen as a possible frontrunner for the nomination due to his moderate stances record as governor of a crucial swing state name recognition and access to high paying donors was the first candidate to form a political action committee PAC and exploratory committee in mid December Many other candidates followed suit and the first candidate to declare his candidacy was Texas Senator Ted Cruz who has strong appeal among grassroots conservatives primarily due to his association with the Tea Party movement As with numerous past Republican primaries the field is seen as divided between several different factions of the Republican Party with the grassroots conservatives represented by Cruz and Dr Ben Carson the Christian right represented by former Arkansas Governor Mike Huckabee and former Pennsylvania Senator Rick Santorum and the moderates also known as "the establishment " represented by Bush and New Jersey Governor Chris Christie among others In addition some candidates are seen as having strong appeal among both conservatives and moderates but may also risk criticisms from both sides as a result these candidates include Walker Kasich Florida Senator Marco Rubio and Kentucky Senator Rand Paul Two notable candidates from the previous primaries in returned for a second consecutive run in Santorum and former Texas Governor Rick Perry Lastly there is a surprisingly large presence of candidates with minimal to no political experience running for the presidency including Carson businessman Donald Trump and former Hewlett Packard CEO Carly Fiorina who tout their lack of political experience as a positive while others criticize it as making them unqualified for the office The field has also been repeatedly noted for its diversity and has even been called the most diverse presidential field in American history This includes two Latinos Cruz and Rubio a woman Fiorina an Indian American Louisiana Governor Bobby Jindal and an African American Carson three of the aforementioned candidates Rubio Cruz and Jindal were also the sons of immigrants Candidates edit Main article Republican Party presidential candidates Individuals included in this section have taken one or more of the following actions formally announced their candidacy filed as a candidate with Federal Election Commission FEC for other than exploratory purposes They are listed alphabetically by last name Candidates featured in major polls edit The following candidates listed alphabetically have been listed in five or more major independent nationwide polls and are presently on the ballot in the South Carolina primary Most are already on the ballot in other states as well Candidate resumé Delegate Hard Count Delegate Soft Count Delegations with plurality Jeb Bush Governor of Florida – Florida Secretary of Commerce – campaign none as yet Ben Carson author and former Director of Pediatric Neurosurgery for Johns Hopkins Hospital – campaign none as yet Chris Christie Governor of New Jersey since campaign none as yet Ted Cruz U S Senator from Texas since Solicitor General of Texas – campaign none as yet Carly Fiorina former Hewlett Packard CEO – nominee for Senate in California in campaign none as yet Jim Gilmore presidential candidate in Governor of Virginia – campaign none as yet Lindsey Graham U S Senator from South Carolina since U S Representative from South Carolina – campaign none as yet Mike Huckabee Governor of Arkansas – presidential candidate in campaign none as yet Bobby Jindal Governor of Louisiana since U S Representative from Louisiana – campaign none as yet John Kasich Governor of Ohio since U S Representative from Ohio – presidential candidate in campaign none as yet George Pataki Governor of New York – campaign none as yet Rand Paul U S Senator from Kentucky since campaign none as yet Marco Rubio U S Senator from Florida since Florida Speaker of the House – campaign none as yet Rick Santorum U S Senator from Pennsylvania – U S Representative from Pennsylvania – presidential candidate in campaign none as yet Donald Trump Chairman of The Trump Organization since from New York City campaign none as yet Gallery of logos of major presidential campaigns edit Former Governor Jeb BushBen CarsonGovernor Chris ChristieSenator Ted CruzCarly FiorinaFormer Governor Jim GilmoreSenator Lindsey GrahamFormer Governor Mike HuckabeeGovernor Bobby JindalGovernor John KasichFormer Governor George PatakiSenator Rand PaulSenator Marco

RubioFormer Senator Rick SantorumDonald TrumpOther candidates edit The following notable individuals have taken one or both of the following actions formally announced their candidacy filed as a candidate with FEC Mark Everson Former Internal Revenue Service Commissioner and former head of the American Red Cross from Mississippi Jack Fellure Retired engineer and perennial candidate from West Virginia Andy Martin birther theorist and perennial candidate from New York Jimmy McMillan perennial candidate from New York Withdrew before the primaries edit Rick Perry former Governor of Texas – suspended campaign on September Scott Walker Governor of Wisconsin –present suspended campaign on September Former Governor Rick Perry of TexasGovernor Scott Walker of WisconsinTimeline edit For more details on this topic see Results of the Republican Party presidential primaries Active campaigns Ended campaigns Iowa Caucuses Republican National Convention Election Day Inauguration Day – Fluctuating frontrunners edit In the immediate aftermath of the potential field was left without a clear frontrunner similarly to Various narratives began rising from all sides of the right leaning political spectrum as to who would make the best possible nominee One faction of candidates included young freshmen senators some with alliances to the Tea Party movement which was most represented by Texas Senator Ted Cruz Kentucky Senator Rand Paul and Florida Senator Marco Rubio Rubio in particular was the focus of attention immediately following in most national polls from late to mid Rubio was the clear frontrunner due to being young articulate having a broad appeal among conservatives and moderates and also for his Latino heritage and continued efforts on immigration reform which many viewed as possible tools to draw Hispanic voters to the GOP Marco Rubio was considered the frontrunner immediately following the election However another narrative for the nomination similarly to what drove Romney s campaign was that the nominee needed to be a governor in a traditionally Democratic or swing state with a proven record that would stand as proof that such a governor could be president as well The possible candidates that fit this criteria included former Florida governor Jeb Bush former Virginia governor Jim Gilmore Ohio governor John Kasich former New York governor George Pataki and New Jersey governor Chris Christie Christie in particular had been rising in popularity due to his loud and blunt manner of speaking at public events which was championed by some as challenging conventional political rhetoric With his record as governor of New Jersey a heavily Democratic state factored in Christie overtook Rubio as frontrunner from mid up until early when the "Bridgegate" scandal was first revealed and started to damage Christie s reputation and poll standing Although Christie was later cleared of personal responsibility in the subsequent investigation he never regained frontrunner status Chris Christie was a leading candidate until the "Bridgegate" scandal damaged his reputation and poll numbers After Christie s fall in the polls the polls fluctuated from January to November candidates who often performed well included Rand Paul Wisconsin congressman and vice presidential nominee Paul Ryan and former candidates such as former Arkansas governor Mike Huckabee and then governor of Texas Rick Perry further reflecting the uncertainty of the upcoming race for the nomination – Jeb Bush as an unsteady frontrunner edit Throughout all of the previous polling Jeb Bush had often polled in the low double digits or higher always considered a prominent candidate due to his high fundraising ability record as governor of Florida a crucial swing state and being viewed as electable in the general election while criticisms included his moderate stances and establishment ties as well as his family name possibly being the target of Democratic attacks evoking the memory of his older brother George s presidency By November Bush had finally solidified his status as a clear frontrunner in the polls for the nomination but often rivaled other candidates in a manner that some analysts claimed was similar to Mitt Romney s status prior to the primaries Jeb Bush maintained an unsteady lead often facing rising and falling opponents throughout and the first half of Around the time Bush began to solidify his frontrunner status there were talks of the possibility of former nominee Mitt Romney making a third run for the presidency During this period from November until late January the speculation fueled Romney s rise in many national polls as well challenging Bush Although Romney admitted he was entertaining the idea after initially declining he ultimately reaffirmed his decision not to run on January thus leaving Bush as the frontrunner once more However by the end of February less than a month after Romney ruled himself out another challenger rose to match Bush in the polls Wisconsin governor Scott Walker Walker often touted his record as governor in a traditionally Democratic state particularly noting his victory in a recall election in the first governor in American history to do so combined with his reelection in Walker and Bush balanced out in the polls from late February until about mid June Walker s challenge to Bush also allowed other candidates to briefly resurge in some polls from late April up until mid June including former top performers Rubio Paul and Huckabee in addition to several newcomers to the top tier of polling including Ted Cruz and former neurosurgeon Ben Carson Donald Trump s surge and the rise of the outsiders edit Shortly after businessman and reality TV host Donald Trump announced his candidacy on June many pundits quickly began noting his uniquely outspoken nature with his blunt language often directly contradicting traditional political rhetoric This style was seen as resonating strongly with potential Republican primary voters and Trump began to rise in the polls After a few weeks of briefly matching Bush Trump surged into first place in all major national polls by mid July quickly extending his lead into the largest margins in the primary field yet from the high s to the s and even briefly reaching in some polls Donald Trump at a campaign rally on June the day of his announcement Trump later surged in the polls and commanded the strongest leads yet With the surge of Trump a man who had never held political office the general focus began to shift over to other non politician candidates known as “outsiders ” and the other two outsiders in the field quickly rose in the polls as well in the wake of the first two debates Ben Carson rose into second place after a well received performance in the first debate while former Hewlett Packard CEO Carly Fiorina rose into the top three after her performance in the second debate The rising popularity of non politician outsiders has shocked many political analysts and fueled a new conversation about how those with no political experience or prior runs for office could appeal more to potential primary voters than lifelong career politicians and what it means for the future of the Republican party and American politics in general In mid September the first two major candidates dropped out of the race Former Texas governor Rick Perry suspended his campaign on September citing his failure to qualify for the primetime debates his subsequent failure to raise a significant amount of money and his indictment as reasons for dropping out Only ten days later Scott Walker suspended his campaign on September mainly due to his own poll numbers dropping after two lackluster debate performances Rick Perry left was the first to drop out on September citing his failure to qualify for the primetime debates as damaging to his fundraising abilities Scott Walker right dropped out days later after his poll numbers dropped due to flatly received debate performances Process edit See also United States presidential primary § Process The Republican Party presidential primaries and caucuses are indirect elections in which voters cast ballots for a slate of delegates to the Republican National Convention these delegates in turn directly elect the Republican Party s presidential nominee However depending on each state s law and each state s party rules when voters cast ballots for a candidate they may be voting to actually award delegates bound to vote for a particular candidate at the state or national convention binding primary or caucus or they may simply be expressing an opinion that the state party is not bound to follow in selecting delegates to the national convention non binding primary or caucus Under the party s delegate selection rules the number of pledged delegates allocated to each of the U S states is plus three delegates for each congressional district For Washington D C and the U S territories of Puerto Rico American Samoa Guam the U S Virgin Islands and the Northern Mariana Islands fixed numbers of pledged delegates are allocated Each state and U S territory will be awarded bonus pledged delegates based on whether it has a Republican governor it has Republican majorities in one or all chambers of its state legislature and whether it has Republican majorities in its delegation to the U S Congress among other factors A state or territory may then either use a winner take all system wherein the candidate that wins a plurality of votes wins all of that state s allocated pledged delegates or use a proportional representation system where the delegates are awarded proportionally to the election results Unpledged delegates will include three top party officials from each state and territory The Republican National Committee has also imposed strict new rules for states wishing to hold early contests in No state will be permitted to hold a primary or caucus in January and only Iowa New Hampshire South Carolina and Nevada are entitled to February contests States with early March primaries or caucuses must award their delegates proportionally Any state that violates these rules will have their delegation to the convention severely cut states with more than delegates will be deprived of all but nine plus RNC members from that state states with less than will be reduced to six plus RNC members Schedule of primaries and caucuses edit For more details on this topic see Results of the Republican Party presidential primaries As of November update the tentative schedule for is as follows Date State territory Calculated delegates a Type b February Iowa Closed caucus February New Hampshire Modified primary February South Carolina Open primary February Nevada Closed caucus March Alabama Open primary March Alaska Closed caucus March Arkansas Open primary March Georgia Modified primary March Massachusetts Modified primary March Minnesota Open caucus March Oklahoma Closed primary March Tennessee Open primary March Texas Open primary March Vermont Open primary March Virginia Open primary March Wyoming Closed caucus March Maine Closed caucus March Kansas Closed caucus March Kentucky Closed caucus March Louisiana Closed primary March Hawaii Closed caucus March Idaho Closed primary March Mississippi Open primary March Michigan Closed primary March Puerto Rico Open primary March Ohio Modified primary March Florida Closed primary March Illinois Open primary March Missouri Modified caucus March North Carolina Modified primary March Arizona Closed primary March Utah Modified primary Ronald Wilson Reagan 'r?n?ld 'w?ls?n 're?g?n February – June was an American politician commentator and actor who served as the th President of the United States from to Prior to his presidency he served as the rd Governor of California from to following a career as an actor and union leader in Hollywood Raised in a poor family in small towns of Northern Illinois Ronald Reagan graduated from Eureka College in and worked as a sports announcer on several regional radio stations Moving to Hollywood in he became an actor starring in a few major productions Reagan was twice elected as President of the Screen Actors Guild the labor union for actors where he worked to root out Communist influence In the s he moved into television and was a motivational speaker at General Electric factories Having been a lifelong liberal Democrat his views changed He became a conservative and in switched to the Republican Party In Reagan s speech "A Time for Choosing" in support of Barry Goldwater s floundering presidential campaign earned him national attention as a new conservative spokesman Building a network of supporters he was elected Governor of California in As governor Reagan raised taxes turned a state budget deficit to a surplus challenged the protesters at the University of California ordered National Guard troops in during a period of protest movements in and was re elected in He twice ran unsuccessfully for the Republican nominations in and four years later he easily won the nomination outright going on to be elected the oldest President defeating incumbent Jimmy Carter in Entering the presidency in Reagan implemented sweeping new political and economic initiatives His supply side economic policies dubbed "Reaganomics" advocated tax rate reduction to spur economic growth control of the money supply to curb inflation economic deregulation and reduction in government spending In his first term he survived an assassination attempt escalated the War on Drugs and fought public sector labor Over his two terms his economic policies saw a reduction of inflation from to and an average annual growth of real GDP of while Reagan did enact cuts in domestic discretionary spending increased military spending contributed to increased federal outlays overall even after adjustment for inflation During his reelection bid Reagan campaigned on the notion that it was "Morning in America" winning a landslide in with the largest electoral college victory in history Foreign affairs dominated his second term including ending of the Cold War the bombing of Libya and the Iran–Contra affair Publicly describing the Soviet Union as an "evil empire" he transitioned Cold War policy from détente to rollback by escalating an arms race with the USSR while engaging in talks with Soviet General Secretary Mikhail Gorbachev which culminated in the INF Treaty shrinking both countries nuclear arsenals During his famous speech at the Brandenburg Gate President Reagan challenged Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev to "tear down this wall " Months after the end of his term the Berlin Wall fell and the Soviet Union collapsed soon thereafter Leaving office in Reagan held an approval rating of sixty eight percent matching those of Franklin D Roosevelt and later Bill Clinton as the highest ratings for departing presidents in the modern era While having planned an active post presidency in Reagan disclosed his diagnosis with Alzheimer s disease earlier that year appearing publicly for the last time at the funeral of Richard Nixon he died ten years later at the age of An icon among Republicans he ranks favorably in public and critical opinion of U S Presidents and his tenure constituted a realignment toward conservative policies in the United States Contents Early life Entertainment career Radio and film Military service SAG president Secret FBI informant in Hollywood Television Marriages and children Early political career – Governor of California – presidential campaign presidential campaign Presidency – First term – Prayer in schools and a moment of silence Assassination attempt Assistant Secretary of State nomination Air traffic controllers strike "Reaganomics" and the economy Escalation of the Cold War Lebanese Civil War Operation Urgent Fury Grenada presidential campaign Second term – War on Drugs Libya bombing Immigration Iran–Contra affair End of the Cold War Health Judiciary Post presidency – Alzheimer s disease Announcement and reaction Progression Death Legacy Cold War Domestic and political legacy Cultural and political image Honors See also Citations References Primary sources Historiography External links Early life Ronald Reagan with "Dutch" haircut his elder brother Neil and their parents Jack and Nelle Reagan Photograph circa – Ronald Wilson Reagan was born in an apartment on the second floor of a commercial building in Tampico Illinois on February the son of Nelle Clyde Wilson and John Edward "Jack" Reagan Reagan s father was a salesman and a storyteller the grandson of Irish Catholic immigrants from County Tipperary while his mother was of half Scots and half English descent Reagan s maternal grandmother was born in Surrey England Reagan had one older brother Neil – who became an advertising executive As a boy Reagan s father nicknamed his son "Dutch" due to his "fat little Dutchman" like appearance and his "Dutchboy" haircut the nickname stuck with him throughout his youth Reagan s family briefly lived in several towns and cities in Illinois including Monmouth Galesburg and Chicago in they returned to Tampico and lived above the H C Pitney Variety Store until finally settling in Dixon After his election as president residing in the upstairs White House private quarters Reagan would quip that he was "living above the store again" According to Paul Kengor author of God and Ronald Reagan Reagan had a particularly strong faith in the goodness of people which stemmed from the optimistic faith of his mother Nelle and the Disciples of Christ faith which he was baptized into in For the time Reagan was unusual in his opposition to racial discrimination and recalled a time in Dixon when the local inn would not allow black people to stay there Reagan brought them back to his house where his mother invited them to stay the night and have breakfast the next morning Ronald Reagan as a teenager in Dixon Illinois After the closure of the Pitney Store in late the Reagans moved to Dixon the midwestern "small universe" had a lasting impression on Reagan He attended Dixon High School where he developed interests in acting sports and storytelling His first job was as a lifeguard at the Rock River in Lowell Park near Dixon in Over a six year period Reagan reportedly performed rescues as a lifeguard Reagan attended Eureka College a Disciples oriented liberal arts school where he became a member of the Tau Kappa Epsilon fraternity a cheerleader and studied economics and sociology While involved the Miller Center of Public Affairs described him as an "indifferent student " He majored in Economics and graduated with a C average He developed a reputation as a jack of all trades excelling in campus politics sports and theater He was a member of the football team and captain of the swim team He was elected student body president and led a student revolt against the college president after he tried to cut back the faculty Entertainment careerFurther information Ronald Reagan filmography Radio and film In The Bad Man After graduating from Eureka in Reagan drove himself to Iowa where he held jobs as an announcer at several stations He moved to WHO radio in Des Moines as an announcer for Chicago Cubs baseball games His specialty was creating play by play accounts of games using as his source only basic descriptions that the station received by wire as the games were in progress While traveling with the Cubs in California Reagan took a screen test in that led to a seven year contract with Warner Brothers studios He spent the first few years of his Hollywood career in the "B film" unit where Reagan joked the producers "didn t want them good they wanted them Thursday" Play media Reagan in Kings Row which gave a brief boost to his career in Trailer from the film His first screen credit was the starring role in the movie Love Is on the Air and by the end of he had already appeared in films including Dark Victory with Bette Davis and Humphrey Bogart Before the film Santa Fe Trail with Errol Flynn in he played the role of George "The Gipper" Gipp in the film Knute Rockne All American from it he acquired the lifelong nickname "the Gipper" In exhibitors voted him the fifth most popular star from the younger generation in Hollywood Reagan s favorite acting role was as a double amputee in s Kings Row in which he recites the line "Where s the rest of me " later used as the title of his autobiography Many film critics considered Kings Row to be his best movie though the film was condemned by New York Times critic Bosley Crowther Although Reagan called Kings Row the film that "made me a star" he was unable to capitalize on his success because he was ordered to active duty with the U S Army at San Francisco two months after its release and never regained "star" status in motion pictures In the post war era after being separated from almost four years of World War II stateside service with the st Motion Picture Unit in December Reagan co starred in such films as The Voice of the Turtle John Loves Mary The Hasty Heart Bedtime for Bonzo Cattle Queen of Montana Tennessee s Partner Hellcats of the Navy the only film in which he appears with Nancy Reagan and the remake The Killers his final film and the only one in which he played a villain Throughout his film career his mother answered much of his fan mail Military service With wife Jane Wyman in After completing fourteen home study Army Extension Courses Reagan enlisted in the Army Enlisted Reserve and was commissioned a second lieutenant in the Officers Reserve Corps of the cavalry on May Reagan was ordered to active duty for the first time on April Due to his poor eyesight he was classified for limited service only which excluded him from serving overseas His first assignment was at the San Francisco Port of Embarkation at Fort Mason California as a liaison officer of the Port and Transportation Office Upon the approval of the Army Air Force AAF he applied for a transfer from the cavalry to the AAF on May and was assigned to AAF Public Relations and subsequently to the First Motion Picture Unit officially the " th Army Air Force Base Unit" in Culver City California On January he was promoted to first lieutenant and was sent to the Provisional Task Force Show Unit of This Is The Army at Burbank California He returned to the First Motion Picture Unit after completing this duty and was promoted to captain on July In January Reagan was ordered to temporary duty in New York City to participate in the opening of the Sixth War Loan Drive He was reassigned to the First Motion Picture Unit on November where he remained until the end of World War II He was recommended for promotion to major on February but this recommendation was disapproved on July of that year While with the First Motion Picture Unit in he was indirectly involved in discovering actress Marilyn Monroe He returned to Fort MacArthur California where he was separated from active duty on December By the end of the war his units had produced some training films for the AAF Reagan never left the United States during the war though he kept a film reel obtained while in the service depicting the liberation of Auschwitz as he believed that someday doubts would arise as to whether the Holocaust had occurred It has been alleged that he was overheard telling Israeli foreign minister Yitzhak Shamir in that he had filmed that footage himself and helped liberate Auschwitz though this purported conversation was disputed by Secretary of State George Shultz SAG president Television star Ronald Reagan as the host of General Electric Theater Guest stars for the premiere episode of The Dick Powell Show "Who Killed Julie Greer " Standing from left Ronald Reagan Nick Adams Lloyd Bridges Mickey Rooney Edgar Bergen Jack Carson Ralph Bellamy Kay Thompson Dean Jones Seated from left Carolyn Jones and Dick Powell Reagan was first elected to the Board of Directors of the Screen Actors Guild in serving as an alternate After World War II he resumed service and became rd vice president in The adoption of conflict of interest bylaws in led the SAG president and six board members to resign Reagan was nominated in a special election for the position of president and subsequently elected He was subsequently chosen by the membership to serve seven additional one year terms from to and in Reagan led SAG through eventful years that were marked by labor management disputes the Taft Hartley Act House Committee on Un American Activities HUAC hearings and the Hollywood blacklist era Secret FBI informant in HollywoodDuring the late s Reagan and his wife provided the FBI with names of actors within the motion picture industry whom they believed to be communist sympathizers though he expressed reservations he said "Do they expect us to constitute ourselves as a little FBI of our own and determine just who is a Commie and who isn t " Reagan testified before the House Un American Activities Committee on the subject as well A fervent anti communist he reaffirmed his commitment to democratic principles stating "I never as a citizen want to see our country become urged by either fear or resentment of this group that we ever compromise with any of our democratic principles through that fear or resentment " TelevisionThough an early critic of television Reagan landed fewer film roles in the late s and decided to join the medium He was hired as the host of General Electric Theater a series of weekly dramas that became very popular His contract required him to tour GE plants sixteen weeks out of the year often demanding of him fourteen speeches per day He earned approximately per year about million in dollars in this role His final work as a professional actor was as host and performer from to on the television series Death Valley Days Reagan and Nancy Davis appeared together several times including an episode of General Electric Theater in called "A Turkey for the President" Marriages and children Matron of honor Brenda Marshall and best man William Holden sole guests at Ronald and Nancy Reagan s wedding in In Reagan co starred in the film Brother Rat with actress Jane Wyman – They were engaged at the Chicago Theatre and married on January at the Wee Kirk o the Heather church in Glendale California Together they had two biological children Maureen – and Christine who was born in but only lived one day and adopted a third Michael born After arguments about Reagan s political ambitions Wyman filed for divorce in citing a distraction due to her husband s Screen Actors Guild union duties the divorce was finalized in He is the only US president to have been divorced Reagan and Wyman continued to be friends until his death with Wyman voting for Reagan in both of his runs and upon his death saying "America has lost a great president and a great kind and gentle man " Ronald and Nancy Reagan aboard a boat in California in Reagan met actress Nancy Davis born in after she contacted him in his capacity as president of the Screen Actors Guild to help her with issues regarding her name appearing on a Communist blacklist in Hollywood She had been mistaken for another Nancy Davis She described their meeting by saying "I don t know if it was exactly love at first sight but it was pretty close " They were engaged at Chasen s restaurant in Los Angeles and were married on March at the Little Brown Church in the San Fernando Valley Actor William Holden served as best man at the ceremony They had two children Patti born October and Ron born May Observers described the Reagans relationship as close authentic and intimate During his presidency they were reported to frequently display their affection for one another one press secretary said "They never took each other for granted They never stopped courting " He often called her "Mommy" and she called him "Ronnie" He once wrote to her "Whatever I treasure and enjoy all would be without meaning if I didn t have you " When he was in the hospital in she slept with one of his shirts to be comforted by his scent In a letter to U S citizens written in Reagan wrote "I have recently been told that I am one of the millions of Americans who will be afflicted with Alzheimer s disease I only wish there was some way I could spare Nancy from this painful experience" and in while Reagan was stricken by Alzheimer s Nancy told Vanity Fair "Our relationship is very special We were very much in love and still are When I say my life began with Ronnie well it s true It did I can t imagine life without him " Early political career – Reagan began his political career as a Democrat He joined numerous political committees with a left wing orientation such as the American Veterans Committee He fought against Republican sponsored right to work legislation and for Helen Gahagan Douglas in when she was defeated for the Senate by Richard Nixon It was his realization that Communists were a powerful backstage influence in those groups that led him to rally his friends against them Reagan spoke frequently at rallies with a strong ideological dimension in December he was stopped from leading an anti nuclear rally in Hollywood by pressure from the Warner Bros studio He would later make nuclear weapons a key point of his presidency specifically his opposition to mutually assured destruction building on previous efforts to limit the spread of nuclear weapons to a new focus to reduce the numbers and types of them In the election Reagan strongly supported Harry S Truman appearing on stage with him during a campaign speech in Los Angeles However in the early s as his relationship with actress Nancy Davis grew he shifted to the right and endorsed the presidential candidacies of Dwight D Eisenhower in and as well as Richard Nixon in He was hired by General Electric in to host the General Electric Theater a weekly TV drama series Much more important he crisscrossed the country giving talks to over GE employees as a motivational speaker His many