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Alliyah Yi : This Is An Un Official Fan Site Tribute
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Movie Title Year Distributor Notes Rev Formats Asian Dolls Uncut 7 2000 In-X-Cess Productions DO Asian Dolls Uncut 9 2001 In-X-Cess Productions LezOnly DO Asian Lust 7 2005 Jet Multimedia DO Asian Mania 2001 Elegant Angel Facial 3 DO Asian Street Hookers 12 2000 Evasive Angles Facial Bald DRO Big Tit Teasers 3: Playing with Perfect Pillows 2001 Top Heavy Video Anal Facial DRO Blowjob Adventures of Dr. Fellatio 26 2000 Elegant Angel BJOnly Facial 9 DRO Cock Smokers 20 2000 Extreme Associates BJOnly Facial D Dirty Newcummers 4 2000 Wildlife Facial 1 DO Fast Times at Deep Crack High 1 2001 Celestial LezOnly 4 DO Fuckumentary 1 2000 Armageddon Entertainment Facial 1 Geisha Gash 1 2001 Extreme Associates 1 Hot Bods And Tail Pipe 17 2000 Celestial Facial Bald 1 DO I Swallow 10 2000 Odyssey Facial Swallow 1 DRO More Dirty Debutantes 144 2000 4-Play Video Facial 1 DO North Pole 21 2001 New Sensations Facial 2 DRO Nuttin' Hunnies 1 2004 New Sensations 1 DRO Oral Adventures of Craven Moorehead 1 2000 Celestial BJOnly Facial O Oral Adventures of Craven Moorehead 17 2003 Celestial Facial DRO Please 10: Angels and Whores 2000 Evil Angel Facial 4 DR Pornocide 1: In the Company of Whores 2000 Horizon 1 D Pornocide 2: Fall of the House of Ho's 2000 Heatwave 1 O Reganomics 2 2004 AMVC O Ripe 10 1999 Forbidden Films Facial Bald 1 DO Ripe 13: Adriana and Nina 2004 Forbidden Films DO Shanghai Poon 2000 Sin City 1 DO Sodomania: Slop Shots 10 2001 Elegant Angel 4 DRO Tabloid Tramps 2000 Al Borda Video Anal Facial 1 DRO Up And Cummers 83 2000 Evil Angel Facial 1
At the deepest level, Wolfram argues that—like many of the most important scientific ideas—the principle of computational equivalence allows science to be more general by pointing out new ways in which humans are not "special"; that is, it has been claimed that the complexity of human intelligence makes us special, but the Principle asserts otherwise. In a sense, many of Wolfram's ideas are based on understanding the scientific process—including the human mind—as operating within the same universe it studies, rather than being outside it. Applications and results There are a number of specific results and ideas in the NKS book, and they can be organized into several themes. One common theme of examples and applications is demonstrating how little complexity it takes to achieve interesting behavior, and how the proper methodology can discover this behavior.

First, there are several cases where the NKS book introduces what was, during the book's composition, the simplest known system in some class that has a particular characteristic. Some examples include the first primitive recursive function that results in complexity, the smallest universal Turing Machine, and the shortest axiom for propositional calculus. In a similar vein, Wolfram also demonstrates many simple programs that exhibit phenomena like phase transitions, conserved quantities, continuum behavior, and thermodynamics that are familiar from traditional science. Simple computational models of natural systems like shell growth, fluid turbulence, and phyllotaxis are a final category of applications that fall in this theme. Another common theme is taking facts about the computational universe as a whole and using them to reason about fields in a holistic way. For instance, Wolfram discusses how facts about the computational universe inform evolutionary theory, SETI, free will, computational complexity theory, and philosophical fields like ontology, epistemology, and even postmodernism. Wolfram suggests that the theory of computational irreducibility may provide a resolution to the existence of free will in a nominally deterministic universe. He posits that the computational process in the brain of the being with free will is actually complex enough so that it cannot be captured in a simpler computation, due to the principle of computational irreducibility. Thus, while the process is indeed deterministic, there is no better way to determine the being's will than, in essence, to run the experiment and let the being exercise it. The book also contains a vast number of individual results—both experimental and analytic—about what a particular automaton computes, or what its characteristics are, using some methods of analysis. The book contains a new technical result in describing the Turing completeness of the Rule 110 cellular automaton. Very small Turing machines can simulate Rule 110, which Wolfram demonstrates using a 2-state 5-symbol universal Turing machine. Wolfram conjectures that a particular 2-state 3-symbol Turing machine is universal. In 2007, as part of commemorating the book's fifth anniversary, Wolfram's company offered a $25,000 prize for proof that this Turing machine is universal.[6] Alex Smith, a computer science student from Birmingham, UK, won the prize later that year by proving Wolfram's conjecture.[7][8] NKS Summer School Every year, Wolfram and his group of instructors[9] organize a summer school.[10] From 2003 to 2006, these classes were held at Brown University. In 2007, the summer school began being hosted by the University of Vermont at Burlington, with the exception of 2009 which was held at the Istituto di Scienza e Tecnologie dell'Informazione of the CNR in Pisa, Italy. In 2012, the program was held at Curry College in Milton, Massachusetts. Since 2013, the Wolfram Summer School has been held annually at Bentley University in Waltham, Massachusetts. After 14 consecutive summer schools, more than 550 people have participated, some of whom continued developing their 3-week research projects as their Master's or Ph.D theses.[11] Some of the research done in the summer school has resulted in publications.[12][13][14] Reception Periodicals gave A New Kind of Science coverage, including articles in The New York Times,[15] Newsweek,[16] Wired,[17] and The Economist.[18] Some scientists criticized the book as abrasive and arrogant, and perceived a fatal flaw—that simple systems such as cellular automata are not complex enough to describe the degree of complexity present in evolved systems, and observed that Wolfram ignored the research categorizing the complexity of systems.[19][20] Although critics accept Wolfram's result showing universal computation, they view it as minor and dispute Wolfram's claim of a paradigm shift. Others found that the work contained valuable insights and refreshing ideas.[21][22] Wolfram addressed his critics in a series of blog posts.[23][24] In an article published on April 3, 2018, A New Kind of Science was listed among the 190 books recommended by Bill Gates.[25] Scientific philosophy A tenet of NKS is that the simpler the system, the more likely a version of it will recur in a wide variety of more complicated contexts. Therefore, NKS argues that systematically exploring the space of simple programs will lead to a base of reusable knowledge. However, many scientists believe that of all possible parameters, only some actually occur in the universe. For instance, of all possible permutations of the symbols making up an equation, most will be essentially meaningless. NKS has also been criticized for asserting that the behavior of simple systems is somehow representative of all systems. Methodology A common criticism of NKS is that it does not follow established scientific methodology. For instance, NKS does not establish rigorous mathematical definitions,[26] nor does it attempt to prove theorems; and most formulas and equations are written in Mathematica rather than standard notation.[27] Along these lines, NKS has also been criticized for being heavily visual, with much information conveyed by pictures that do not have formal meaning.[22] It has also been criticized for not using modern research in the field of complexity, particularly the works that have studied complexity from a rigorous mathematical perspective.[20] And it has been criticized for misrepresenting chaos theory: "Throughout the book, he equates chaos theory with the phenomenon of sensitive dependence on initial conditions (SDIC)."[28] Utility NKS has been criticized for not providing specific results that would be immediately applicable to ongoing scientific research.[22] There has also been criticism, implicit and explicit, that the study of simple programs has little connection to the physical universe, and hence is of limited value. Steven Weinberg has pointed out that no real world system has been explained using Wolfram's methods in a satisfactory fashion.[29] Principle of computational equivalence (PCE) The Principle of computational equivalence (PCE) has been criticized for being vague, unmathematical, and for not making directly verifiable predictions.[27] It has also been criticized for being contrary to the spirit of research in mathematical logic and computational complexity theory, which seek to make fine-grained distinctions between levels of computational sophistication, and for wrongly conflating different kinds of universality property.[27] Moreover, critics such as Ray Kurzweil have argued that it ignores the distinction between hardware and software; while two computers may be equivalent in power, it does not follow that any two programs they might run are also equivalent.[19] Others suggest it is little more than a rechristening of the Church–Turing thesis.[28] The fundamental theory (NKS Chapter 9) Wolfram's speculations of a direction towards a fundamental theory of physics have been criticized as vague and obsolete. Scott Aaronson, Professor of Computer Science at University of Texas Austin, also claims that Wolfram's methods cannot be compatible with both special relativity and Bell's theorem violations, and hence cannot explain the observed results of Bell test experiments.[30] However, Aaronson's arguments are either right and apply to the entire scientific field of Quantum gravity that seeks to find theories unifying relativity and quantum mechanics or they are fundamentally flawed (e.g. under a non-local hidden variable theory of superdeterminism acknowledged by Bell himself[31]), and even explored by e.g. physics Nobel laureate Gerard 't Hooft,[32] see also replies to criticism of digital physics.[33][34][disputed – discuss] Edward Fredkin and Konrad Zuse pioneered the idea of a computable universe, the former by writing a line in his book on how the world might be like a cellular automaton, and later further developed by Fredkin using a toy model called Salt.[35] It has been claimed that NKS tries to take these ideas as its own, but Wolfram's model of the universe is a rewriting network, and not a cellular automaton, as Wolfram himself has suggested a cellular automaton cannot account for relativistic features such as no absolute time frame.[36] Jürgen Schmidhuber has also charged that his work on Turing machine-computable physics was stolen without attribution, namely his idea on enumerating possible Turing-computable universes.[37] In a 2002 review of NKS, the Nobel laureate and elementary particle physicist Steven Weinberg wrote, "Wolfram himself is a lapsed elementary particle physicist, and I suppose he can't resist trying to apply his experience with digital computer programs to the laws of nature. This has led him to the view (also considered in a 1981 paper by Richard Feynman) that nature is discrete rather than continuous. He suggests that space consists of a set of isolated points, like cells in a cellular automaton, and that even time flows in discrete steps. Following an idea of Edward Fredkin, he concludes that the universe itself would then be an automaton, like a giant computer. It's possible, but I can't see any motivation for these speculations, except that this is the sort of system that Wolfram and others have become used to in their work on computers. So might a carpenter, looking at the moon, suppose that it is made of wood."[38] Nobel laureate Gerard 't Hooft has more recently also suggested a cellular automaton-based unifying theory of quantum gravity as an interpretation of superstring theory where the evolution equations are classical, "[b]oth the bosonic string theory and superstring theory can be reformulated in terms of a special basis of states, defined on a space-time lattice with lattice length {\displaystyle 2\pi {\sqrt {\alpha '.}}}2\pi {\sqrt {\alpha '.}}"[32] Natural selection Wolfram's claim that natural selection is not the fundamental cause of complexity in biology has led journalist Chris Lavers to state that Wolfram does not understand the theory of evolution.[39] Originality NKS has been heavily criticized as not being original or important enough to justify its title and claims. The authoritative manner in which NKS presents a vast number of examples and arguments has been criticized as leading the reader to believe that each of these ideas was original to Wolfram;[28] in particular, one of the most substantial new technical results presented in the book, that the rule 110 cellular automaton is Turing complete, was not proven by Wolfram, but by his research assistant, Matthew Cook. However, the notes section at the end of his book acknowledges many of the discoveries made by these other scientists citing their names together with historical facts, although not in the form of a traditional bibliography section. Additionally, the idea that very simple rules often generate great complexity is already an established

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